The Christ Myth Articles
The following is a collection of articles by D.M. Murdock/Acharya S,
some excerpted from her various books, while others are original to the internet or have been published
in other books and periodicals.
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In Apollo, we have a pre-Christian son of God who may have been titled "Chrēstos" for his role as God of Oracles, as well as "IE," part of an epithet discovered on tombstones and other artifacts including his temple at Delphi. Hence, the son of God Apollo - a sun god - could be said to be "IE the Chrēst," possibly centuries before the common era.
apollo-chrest.html
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Who are these famous men of old? Why are their lives so similar?
apollonius.html
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In many mythicist writings, the ancient Phrygo-Roman god Attis is depicted as having been born of a virgin mother on December 25th, being killed and resurrecting afterwards. Here we shall examine the evidence for these contentions, which parallel the gospel story and Christian tradition concerning Jesus Christ.
attis.html
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Is Kersey Graves guilty of fabrication in his seminal work "The World's 16 Crucified Saviors?" To my knowledge no one of the past 130 years or so since Kersey Graves wrote The World's 16 Crucified Saviors has ever looked as in depth as I have into the sources of the many assertions made by Graves.
beddru.html
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The "James ossuary" or bone-box is no proof that Jesus Christ existed. It is an obvious forgery.
ossuary.htm
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The ancient monogram combination of the Greek letters χρ or "chi-rho" denoted a variety of terms, including "gold" (χρυσός), "anointed" (χριστός) and "good" (χρηστός). Thus, in determining the usage of the word χρηστός chrestos we need to factor in studies of the chi-rho, an abbreviation employed on coins, shields and elsewhere for centuries prior to the common era.
chi-rho-chrestos.html
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In our analysis of the word chresto or chrestos, we discover that members of brotherhoods, priesthoods and religious schools such as priests and prophets were called chrestes in Greek antiquity, as were soothsayers and those who "give or expound oracles" or consult with gods (see image at right).
chrestes-oracle.html
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About 90 % of the collected manuscripts use an e, and the most common, earliest and most trustworthy spelling is indeed Chresto, which is an intelligible Latin word (the ablative of the proper name Chrestus). Accordingly, I, in agreement with the modern editions of De Vita Caesarum, conclude that the original Suetonian spelling of the word in fact was Chresto.
suetoniusmanuscripts.html
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In 2008, an evidently pre-Christian cup or bowl was found at Alexandria, Egypt, with chrestou, the genitive form of the Greek word chrestos, inscribed on it. Naturally, there is a desire to push this artifact into the early first century and claim it has something to do with Christianity. However, this epithet "the Good" or chrestos was already known centuries before Christ's purported existence, and this bowl could predate the common era by decades.
chrestos-magical-bowl.html
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A page of errors and more noticeable typos found in the bestselling book 'The Christ Conspiracy.' This page does not correct the writing style or grammar, such as misplaced periods, errant commas or wordiness found in the book 'The Christ Conspiracy,' which was released in September 1999. Rather, it serves to provide a list of typos and errors that affect the accuracy of the text.
christconerrata.htm
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Acharya is relentless – and her research, nothing less than exhaustive – as point by point she blows the figurative fish out of the water, leaving it to flop pathetically about, faced with the overwhelming evidence she has uncovered.
excludedmiddle.htm
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Drawing together an amazing amount of research, Acharya S - a classically trained archaeologist and historian - utterly demolishes the facade of Christianity, showing that it is 100 percent mythology.
kick.htm
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Is Jesus the 'reason for the season?' Christmas is the winter solstice celebration, not the birthday of the Son of God.
christmas.htm
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Did Jesus Christ exist? Or is he a myth, the same as so many ancient gods?
christmyth.htm
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What is the truth behind the Christ myth? Is it a "new fad?" "This thinking," i.e, that Jesus Christ is a mythical character, is not at all a "new fad."
kimball.htm
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Did the American Founding Fathers study the case for Jesus Christ being a mythical figure? There is much evidence that Washington and Jefferson, among other famous and important figures of the day, were influenced by well-known French mythographers and "Jesus mythicists," such as Dupuis and Volney.
washington-jefferson-mythicists.html
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The Greek god Dionysus has been depicted as having been born of a virgin mother on December 25th; performing miracles such as changing water into wine; being surrounded by or one of 12 figures; bearing epithets such as "Only Begotten Son" and "Savior"; dying; resurrecting after three days and ascending into heavens.
dionysus.html
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Why did the religion of Mithraism so bother the early Christians that they were compelled to write against it? The early fathers of the Christian church discussed Mithraism's similarities to Christianity, unfavorably and with the intent to make it appear as if the prescient devil "aped" the coming Christ, based on interpretations of so-called "messianic prophecies" in the Old Testament. In other words, the Church fathers essentially admitted that these similarities, parallels and correspondences between the religion and biography of the Perso-Roman god Mithra and the Jewish messiah Jesus existed before Christ supposedly lived, and that the Christian savior and religion were therefore unoriginal and not unique.
mithraism.html
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What is the meaning of Easter? Is it the time when Christ was crucified and resurrected? Or is it an ancient Pagan holiday? Contrary to popular belief, Easter does not represent the 'historical' crucifixion and resurrection of Jesus Christ. In reality, the gospel tale reflects the annual 'crossification' of the sun through the vernal equinox (Spring), at which time the sun is 'resurrected,' as the day begins to become longer than the night.
easter.htm
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When were the gospels written? With their absence in Justin Martyr's works, we remain with the dating of the gospels to the last quarter of the second century.
historicaljc.htm
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Jesus Christ is not the only god supposedly born of a virgin on December 25th. So too was Horus of Egypt. The mythical motif of the sun god born at the winter solstice of a virgin precedes the common era by many centuries. As demonstrated here, its presence in the myths of Sokar, a form of both Osiris and Horus, dates back over 3,000 years. The same motif was celebrated as applied to Aion, Horus and other virgin-born solar deities around the globe for millennia.
horus.html
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Another nation in which the native sun god was overthrown by the Jewish Son of God was Great Britain, where the ancient Druidism was likewise appropriated by the later Christianity.
christ-great-britain.html
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Is Jesus Christ truly a unique, divine revelation? Or is he one of many "Christs" and "Chrēsts" in antiquity? As "Jesus the Good" was called "Chrēstos," so too was the Egyptian goddess Isis.
isis-the-chrest.html
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Did Jesus Christ go to India and elsewhere? Was Jesus in Glastonbury, England?
jesus_in_india.htm
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A brief paragraph in "Antiquities of the Jews" by the Jewish historian Josephus (37-100 CE) is cited as proof of the existence of Jesus Christ. Is it really? Or is it a forgery?
josephus.htm
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How old is Christian doctrine? What parts of Christianity come from Paganism? The following is an excellent encapsulation of "Pagan" myths and rituals that preceded Christianity, representing doctrines utilized in its creation. The author is Charles Waite, from his book 'History of the Christian Religion to the Year Two Hundred,' which was published in 1900 and remains an outstanding resource for scholars and aficionados.
waite.htm
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The dying and resurrected savior god Osiris was worshipped thousands of years before Christ. Is it Osiris's story in the New Testament? In the myth of Osiris is the great teaching god with the twelve disciples who dies and resurrects, millennia before the Christian era. The evidence abundantly points to Jesus Christ as a nearly identical, mythical remake of the highly popular Osiris, whose story was known by millions of pilgrims for thousands of years in precisely the same areas in which the Christian myth arose.
osiris.htm
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'The Jesus Puzzle' provides a vital aspect in the Mythicist School dating back over 200 years. It is a constant source of amazement to "freethinkers," rationalists and assorted (other) scholars and scientists that it is considered virtuous to blindly believe in the words of a man or a group of men concerning the matters of "faith" and "religion," when, if religion were to have any meaning at all, it would be about reality, honesty and integrity.
jesuspuzzle.htm
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Mithra, the Light of the World, is an ancient sun god identified with Sol Invictus, who was born on December 25th. Mithra resembled Jesus Christ in many ways, including having a virgin birth, 12 companions and an ascension into heaven, as well as other doctrinal and ritual correspondences such as baptism and the eucharist.
mithra.htm
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Who was Jesus Christ? Is the Bible true? Watch this video!
naked.htm
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Neith never engaged in any kind of sexual union; that is, she was eternally a virgin. Yet, as the primordial Being, she was also generative. Thus, in Neith we have one of the earliest appearances of the archetype of the Virgin Mother, the Holy Parthenos, in her original, unadulterated form.
neith.html
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Is Noah's Ark a true story? Was there a global flood? For millennia, countless people have been taught that there was a real man named Noah who somehow piled two (or seven, depending on which scripture in the "infallible Word of God" one reads) of every animal on the planet into an ark and with his family survived an enormous global flood. Obviously, to thinkers worldwide this story is logically to be considered an impossible fable, not history.
noah.htm
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Shocking as it may seem to the general populace, the most enduring and profound controversy in this subject is whether or not a person named Jesus Christ ever really existed.
origins.htm
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Like those of the Jewish writer Josephus, the works of the ancient historians Pliny, Suetonius and Tacitus do NOT provide proof that Jesus Christ ever existed as a "historical" character. Regarding these "references," if they were genuine they would no more prove the existence of Jesus Christ than do writings about other gods prove THEIR existence.
pliny.htm
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The concepts of God and religion have varied greatly over the millennia, in the sense that they have been developed within cultural contexts, with odd details and interpretations based chiefly on race, gender, language and environment.
introduction.htm
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Australian historian Dr. Chris Forbes is a senior lecturer in Ancient History and deputy chairman of the Society for the Study of Early Christianity, as well as a member of the Society for Biblical Literature and of the Synod of the Diocese of Sydney. Dr. Forbes's criticisms of the first/religion part of the internet documentary "Zeitgeist" ("ZG1.1") have been widely circulated. However, Forbes is not an Egyptologist, classicist or mythologist, and his comments show a lack of knowledge in the relevant fields addressed in ZG1.1.
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Is the Shroud of Turin genuine? Or is it a forgery in a long line of 'pious frauds?' How was it made?
shroud.htm
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Does the Roman historian refer to the historical Jesus of Nazareth, or is the famous passage concerning "Chresto" or "Chrestus" about another individual altogether?
suetoniuschresto.html
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Who is the virgin-born hero found in legends around the world? Re about the Suns of God.
sun-lore.html
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'Suns of God' is truly a magnificent volume. Its significance is undeniable. It is nothing less than a window into our very future.
suns_of_god_review.html
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The very learned Acharya S has spoken again. In a sequel to her wide-ranging The Christ Conspiracy, she has redoubled her efforts to show the solar - that is, the astro-theological - basis of all religions and mythologies, and to demonstrate that the great savior figures of the world's religions are late historicizations of the sacred sun myths. At the outset, let me make clear that I regard Acharya ("the Teacher," as she was dubbed by friends and students) as a colleague and fellow-laborer in the field of Christ-Myth scholarship.
price-sog-review.html
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Whatever one takes away from "Virgin Mother Goddesses of Antiquity" by Dr. Marguerite Rigoglioso, the book certainly is a tour de force. Phrases like "parthenogenetic creator deity" and "virgin creatrix" readily convey the concept of a virgin mother from remotest times, like a splash of cold water waking up our long dormant female spiritual traditions. There can be no doubt that the virgin-mother concept did not originate with Christianity and that the idea of the Virgin Mary as a historical personage appears unsupportable from this and much more evidence.
virgin-mother-goddesses.html
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Was the Indian god Krishna's mother a virgin? Were there other gods and men born of virgins? A recurring theme in ancient religion revolves around the manner of the sun god's birth, as well as the chastity of his mother. In a number of instances the sun god is perceived as being born of the inviolable dawn, the virgin moon or earth, or the constellation of Virgo.
virgin.htm
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Was the Hindu Savior God Krishna depicted as crucified? Were any other gods crucified?
kcrucified.htm
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Was the first Christmas truly the birth of Jesus Christ on December 25th? Or is this holiday much older than that, adopted into Christianity from pre-Christian cultures whose traditions dated back hundreds to thousands of years before the common era?
first-christmas.html
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Is Buddhism atheistic? What is the relationship between Buddhism and Christianity? Many of the numerous lives of Buddha were spent as divine beings; yet, like so many religions that do not subscribe to the typical theology of other cultures, it is claimed of Buddhism that it is "atheistic." This contention was also laid upon early Christianity because that faith likewise did not acknowledge the reigning deities.
lifeofbuddha.htm
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Was Mary Magdalene a 'common prostitute?' Was she the wife of Jesus Christ and the mother of his children?
mary-magdalene.html
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Who was the Virgin Mary? Was she the Mother of God? As is the case with Jesus Christ himself, the godman's parents, Joseph and Mary, never appear in the contemporary historical record of the time they allegedly existed. Nor are they mentioned in non-gospel Christian writings earlier than the purported time of Church father Ignatius (d. 107 CE). Oddly enough, the Islamic sacred text, the Koran, places Jesus and Mary in the same era as Moses, or the 13th century BCE
mary.html
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The ZEITGEIST Sourcebook is a 100-page ebook citing primary sources and the works of highly credentialed authorities backing up the contentions found in the religion part of the first ZEITGEIST film. This free PDF file also contains many illustrations.
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La polémique la plus profonde et la plus durable est de savoir si un individu appelé Jésus-Christ a réellement existé.
francais.htm
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¿Existió Jesús Cristo?
espanol.htm
Stellar House Articles
Astrotheology of the Ancients
The further one regresses in time, the more obvious it becomes that the principal and singular religious
worship found globally has revolved around nature.
astrotheology.html
Christ Conspiracy in the News!
On Thursday, July 31, 2008, an article appeared in the newspaper South Shields, England, called The Shields
Gazette that highlighted the book The Christ Conspiracy: The Greatest Story Ever Sold by Acharya S also known
as D.M. Murdock.
shieldgazette.html
Over a century ago, renowned British Egyptologist Sir Dr. E.A. Wallis Budge (1857-1934), a Keeper of the
Egyptian and Assyrian Antiquities at the British Museum, as well as a confessed Christian, remarked that a
study tracing the "influence of ancient Egyptian religious beliefs and mythology on Christianity" would
"fill a comparatively large volume." Since Dr. Budge's time, for a variety of reasons, including the
seemingly irreconcilable academic gap between historians and theologians, no one has taken up the call to
produce such a volume—until now.
ciepreface.html
David Mills's Review of "Who Was
Jesus?"
Best-selling author David Mills reviews this "brilliant volume" that "should be required reading in every
American classroom."
david-mills-wwj.html
Did Jesus fulfill prophecy? There are many Old Testament "messianic scriptures" that seemed to have been
fulfilled in Jesus Christ. What really happened?
jesusprophecy.html
Easter: The Resurrection of Spring
Although it is believed to represent the time of Jesus Christ's resurrection, the festival of Easter existed in
pre-Christian times...
easter-resurrection.html
Jesus Christ as the Sun God throughout
History
The contention that connecting Jesus to the sun constitutes a "modern" phenomenon is
easily demonstrated to be false, through the study of ancient texts, including the Bible and works of the
early Church fathers, as well as Christian traditions, rituals, architecture and
artifacts.
jesussunexcerpt.html
Jesus, Son of Joseph, and Horus, Son of
Seb
Is the earthly father of Jesus, Joseph, a remake of Seb, the earthly father of the Egyptian god Horus?
jesusjosephhorusseb.html
The Real ZEITGEIST Challenge, Part
1
Looking for the REAL "ZEITGEIST Challenge?" Here it is.
zeitgeist-challenge.html
Tim Callahan's declaration that much of ZEITGEIST, Part 1, is "plainly and simply bogus" is false, period.
Callahan has evidently not even studied the sources meticulously cited on the ZG website to see from where this
material comes.
skeptic-zeitgeist.html
Is Jesus the "reason for the season"? Christmas is the winter solstice celebration, not the birthday of the
Son of God.
christmas.html
The history of Mythicism or the Mythicist Position is fascinating and important to our fundamental
understanding of the world's religions and mythologies.
mythicism.html
Was Amenhotep II depicted as being born of a "virgin mother?" Or is there more to the hieroglyphs? Could
the Christian nativity have been based on the Egyptian divine-birth cycle?
luxor.html
Much has been made of the gospel account of the "star in the east" followed by "wise men" from afar,
claimed to have heralded the birth of the newborn savior of the world.
star-east-three-kings.html
Along with the claim that Horus was born on "December 25th" or the winter solstice of a virgin called Mery
comes the contention that he was "crucified between two thieves," as Jesus is depicted to have been in the
New Testament.
washoruscrucified.html
Nearly all the solar deities had a Virgin for a mother. The birthday of Jesus, like that of Mithra and
other solar gods, was about December 25, and his twelve Apostles correspond to the twelve signs of the
Zodiac. When Jesus (who was the Sun of Righteousness) was "crucified," the Sun naturally died; it was
eclipsed. Jesus rose with the Sun on the day of the Sun.
jesusgodmanmyth.html
Were the various important mythical motifs explored in "Christ in Egypt" part of Egyptian religion, and,
despite their apparent status as mysteries, were they known to those who created Christianity?
wellknowninegypt.html
The term "mythicist" refers to the perspective that there exists no credible scientific evidence for the
"historical" Jesus and other biblical figures.
mythicist.html
In exploring the various Egyptian influences upon the Christian religion, one name frequently encountered
is that of lay Egyptologist Gerald Massey (1828-1907).
who-is-gerald-massey.html
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